criembre

criembre

Old French

Alternative forms

• creindre
• crembre
• cremer
• cremeir
• cremir
• cremmoir
• cremoir
• criendre
• cromer

Etymology

From Classical Latin tremere, present active infinitive of tremō, altered into a Gallo-Romance form *cremere, with the initial c- under the influence of the Celtic root *krit- (Breton kridien)[1].

Verb

criembre

1. (transitive) to fear (have fear of)

Conjugation

This verb conjugates as a third-group verb. This verb has a stressed present stem criem distinct from the unstressed stem crem, as well as other irregularities. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.

    Conjugation of criembre (see also Appendix:Old French verbs)

		simple			compound
infinitive		criembre			avoir crient, crent, cremu
gerund		en cremant			Use the gerund of avoir followed by the past participle
present participle		cremant
past participle		crient, crent, cremu
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		jo	tu	il	nos	vos	il
simple tenses	present	criem	criens	crient	cremons	cremez	criement
	imperfect	cremoie, cremeie	cremoies, cremeies	cremoit, cremeit	cremiiens, cremiens	cremiiez, cremiez	cremoient, cremeient
	preterite	criens, crens, cremi, cremui	criensis, crensis, cremis, cremus	crienst, crenst, cremi, cremu	criensimes, crensimes, cremimes, cremumes	criensistes, crensistes, cremistes, cremustes	crienstrent, crenstrent, cremirent, cremurent
	future	criendrai	criendras	criendra	criendrons	criendroiz, criendreiz, criendrez	criendront
	conditional	criendroie, criendreie	criendroies, criendreies	criendroit, criendreit	criendriiens, criendriens	criendriiez, criendriez	criendroient, criendreient
compound tenses	present perfect	Use the present tense of avoir followed by the past participle
	pluperfect	Use the imperfect tense of avoir followed by the past participle
	past anterior	Use the preterite tense of avoir followed by the past participle
	future perfect	Use the future tense of avoir followed by the past participle
	conditional perfect	Use the conditional tense of avoir followed by the past participle
subjunctive		que jo	que tu	qu’il	que nos	que vos	qu’il
simple tenses	present	crieme, crienge	criemes, crienges	crieme, crienge	cremons, criengiens, crienjons	cremez, criengiez	criement, criengent
	imperfect	criensisse, crensisse, cremisse, cremusse	criensisses, crensisses, cremisses, cremusses	criensist, crensist, cremist, cremust	criensissons, criensissiens, crensissons, crensissiens, cremissons, cremissiens, cremussons, cremussiens	criensissoiz, criensissez, criensissiez, crensissoiz, crensissez, crensissiez, cremissoiz, cremissez, cremissiez, cremussoiz, cremussez, cremussiez	criensissent, crensissent, cremissent, cremussent
compound tenses	past	Use the present subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle
	pluperfect	Use the imperfect subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle
imperative		–	tu	–	nos	vos	–
		—	criem	—	cremons	cremez	—

Descendants

• French: craindre

References

1. Etymology and history of “criembre”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

• “Appendix E: Irregular Verbs” in E. Einhorn (1974), Old French: A Concise Handbook, Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 152