cotir
French
Etymology
From Middle French cotir, from Old French cotir (“to hit; strike”), from Vulgar Latin *cottire, from Ancient Greek κόπτειν (kóptein, “to abut; bump; knock; strike repeatedly”).
Pronunciation
Audio (file)
Verb
cotir
- (transitive) to damage (a fruit)
Conjugation
This is a regular verb of the second conjugation, like finir, choisir, and most other verbs with infinitives ending in -ir. One salient feature of this conjugation is the repeated appearance of the infix -iss-.
Conjugation of cotir (see also Appendix:French verbs)
infinitive | simple | cotir | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
present participle or gerund1 | simple | cotissant /kɔ.ti.sɑ̃/ | |||||
compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
past participle | coti /kɔ.ti/ | ||||||
singular | plural | ||||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
(simple tenses) | present | cotis /kɔ.ti/ | cotis /kɔ.ti/ | cotit /kɔ.ti/ | cotissons /kɔ.ti.sɔ̃/ | cotissez /kɔ.ti.se/ | cotissent /kɔ.tis/ |
imperfect | cotissais /kɔ.ti.sɛ/ | cotissais /kɔ.ti.sɛ/ | cotissait /kɔ.ti.sɛ/ | cotissions /kɔ.ti.sjɔ̃/ | cotissiez /kɔ.ti.sje/ | cotissaient /kɔ.ti.sɛ/ | |
past historic2 | cotis /kɔ.ti/ | cotis /kɔ.ti/ | cotit /kɔ.ti/ | cotîmes /kɔ.tim/ | cotîtes /kɔ.tit/ | cotirent /kɔ.tiʁ/ | |
future | cotirai /kɔ.ti.ʁe/ | cotiras /kɔ.ti.ʁa/ | cotira /kɔ.ti.ʁa/ | cotirons /kɔ.ti.ʁɔ̃/ | cotirez /kɔ.ti.ʁe/ | cotiront /kɔ.ti.ʁɔ̃/ | |
conditional | cotirais /kɔ.ti.ʁɛ/ | cotirais /kɔ.ti.ʁɛ/ | cotirait /kɔ.ti.ʁɛ/ | cotirions /kɔ.ti.ʁjɔ̃/ | cotiriez /kɔ.ti.ʁje/ | cotiraient /kɔ.ti.ʁɛ/ | |
(compound tenses) | present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
(simple tenses) | present | cotisse /kɔ.tis/ | cotisses /kɔ.tis/ | cotisse /kɔ.tis/ | cotissions /kɔ.ti.sjɔ̃/ | cotissiez /kɔ.ti.sje/ | cotissent /kɔ.tis/ |
imperfect2 | cotisse /kɔ.tis/ | cotisses /kɔ.tis/ | cotît /kɔ.ti/ | cotissions /kɔ.ti.sjɔ̃/ | cotissiez /kɔ.ti.sje/ | cotissent /kɔ.tis/ | |
(compound tenses) | past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
imperative | – | – | – | ||||
simple | — | cotis /kɔ.ti/ | — | cotissons /kɔ.ti.sɔ̃/ | cotissez /kɔ.ti.se/ | — | |
compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). |
Further reading
- “cotir”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.