connoître
French
Etymology
From Latin cognōscō. Compare with modern French connaître and connaitre.
Verb
connoître
- Archaic spelling of connaître.
- L’homme qui veut connoître toutes choses ne se connoît pas lui-même. (Œuvres mêlées de Saint-Évremond, Paris 1865)
Conjugation
This verb is one of a fairly small group of -re verbs, that are all conjugated the same way. They are unlike other verb groups in that the ‘i’ is given a circumflex before a ‘t’. This conjugation pattern is no longer in use and has been replaced by -aître.
Conjugation of connoître (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| present participle | connoissant /kɔ.nɛ.sɑ̃/ | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| past participle | connu /kɔ.ny/ | ||||||
| infinitive | |||||||
| simple | connoître | ||||||
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| gerund1 | |||||||
| simple | connoissant /kɔ.nɛ.sɑ̃/ | ||||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) | present | connois /kɔ.nɛ/ | connois /kɔ.nɛ/ | connoît /kɔ.nɛ/ | connoissons /kɔ.nɛ.sɔ̃/ | connoissez /kɔ.nɛ.se/ | connoissent /kɔ.nɛs/ |
| imperfect | connoissais /kɔ.nɛ.sɛ/ | connoissais /kɔ.nɛ.sɛ/ | connoissait /kɔ.nɛ.sɛ/ | connoissions /kɔ.nɛ.sjɔ̃/ | connoissiez /kɔ.nɛ.sje/ | connoissaient /kɔ.nɛ.sɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | connus /kɔ.ny/ | connus /kɔ.ny/ | connut /kɔ.ny/ | connûmes /kɔ.nym/ | connûtes /kɔ.nyt/ | connurent /kɔ.nyʁ/ | |
| future | connoîtrai /kɔ.nɛ.tʁe/ | connoîtras /kɔ.nɛ.tʁa/ | connoîtra /kɔ.nɛ.tʁa/ | connoîtrons /kɔ.nɛ.tʁɔ̃/ | connoîtrez /kɔ.nɛ.tʁe/ | connoîtront /kɔ.nɛ.tʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | connoîtrais /kɔ.nɛ.tʁɛ/ | connoîtrais /kɔ.nɛ.tʁɛ/ | connoîtrait /kɔ.nɛ.tʁɛ/ | connoîtrions /kɔ.nɛ.tʁi.jɔ̃/ | connoîtriez /kɔ.nɛ.tʁi.je/ | connoîtraient /kɔ.nɛ.tʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) | present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) | present | connoisse /kɔ.nɛs/ | connoisses /kɔ.nɛs/ | connoisse /kɔ.nɛs/ | connoissions /kɔ.nɛ.sjɔ̃/ | connoissiez /kɔ.nɛ.sje/ | connoissent /kɔ.nɛs/ |
| imperfect2 | connusse /kɔ.nys/ | connusses /kɔ.nys/ | connût /kɔ.ny/ | connussions /kɔ.ny.sjɔ̃/ | connussiez /kɔ.ny.sje/ | connussent /kɔ.nys/ | |
| (compound tenses) | past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | connois /kɔ.nɛ/ | — | connoissons /kɔ.nɛ.sɔ̃/ | connoissez /kɔ.nɛ.se/ | — | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 Only usable with preposition en. | |||||||
| 2 In less formal writing or speech, the past historic, past anterior, imperfect subjunctive and pluperfect subjunctive tenses may be found to have been replaced with the indicative present perfect, indicative pluperfect, present subjunctive and past subjunctive tenses respectively (Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Anagrams
- cotonnier