confusus

Latin

Etymology

Perfect passive participle of cōnfundō (“pour together, mix”).

Pronunciation

(Classical) IPA^(key): /konˈfuː.sus/, [kõːˈfuːs̠ʊs̠]

(Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /konˈfu.sus/, [koɱˈfuːs̬us]

Participle

cōnfūsus (feminine cōnfūsa, neuter cōnfūsum, comparative cōnfūsior, superlative cōnfūsissimus); first/second-declension participle

mixed, mingled, having been poured together
united, joined, having been combined
confounded, confused, having been brought into disorder

Declension

First/second-declension adjective.

Case / Gender	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Number	Singular			Plural
Nominative	cōnfūsus	cōnfūsa	cōnfūsum	cōnfūsī	cōnfūsae	cōnfūsa
Genitive	cōnfūsī	cōnfūsae	cōnfūsī	cōnfūsōrum	cōnfūsārum	cōnfūsōrum
Dative	cōnfūsō	cōnfūsae	cōnfūsō	cōnfūsīs
Accusative	cōnfūsum	cōnfūsam	cōnfūsum	cōnfūsōs	cōnfūsās	cōnfūsa
Ablative	cōnfūsō	cōnfūsā	cōnfūsō	cōnfūsīs
Vocative	cōnfūse	cōnfūsa	cōnfūsum	cōnfūsī	cōnfūsae	cōnfūsa

Derived terms

cōnfūsibilis (Late Latin, Medieval Latin)
cōnfūsibilitās (Late Latin)
cōnfūsibiliter (Late Latin, Medieval Latin)
cōnfūsiō
incōnfūsus

Descendants

Catalan: confós
→ French: confus
→ German: konfus
Italian: confuso
→ English: confuse
→ Portuguese: confuso
→ Romanian: confuz
→ Spanish: confuso

References

“confusus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
“confusus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
confusus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
- to arrange on strictly logical principles: ratione, eleganter (opp. nulla ratione, ineleganter, confuse) disponere aliquid
- to be confused: confusum, perturbatum esse