confundir

confundir

Portuguese

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin confundere, with change of conjugation.

Verb

confundir (first-person singular present confundo, first-person singular preterite confundi, past participle confundido)

1. (transitive) to confuse; to confound (to lead someone into an incorrect conclusion or uncertainty)

   O mapa com errors confundiu os navegadores. ― The map with errors confused the navigators.

2. (takes a reflexive pronoun, intransitive, or transitive with com) to be confused (by) (to make a mistake (due to))

   Ela errou o caminho porque se confundiu. ― She missed the way because she got confused.

   Todo mundo se confunde com isso. ― Everyone gets confused with this.

3. (transitive) to mix up; to confuse (to mistake things for one another)

   Cuidado para não confundir as datas. ― Be careful not to mix the dates up.

4. (ditransitive, with the indirect object taking com or por (less common)) to mistake one thing for another

   O cirurgião disse que quase confundira o fígado com o baço. ― The surgeon said he had almost mistaken the liver for the spleen.

5. (takes a reflexive pronoun, transitive with com) to merge; to syncretize (to form a combination from different elements)

   Naquela cidade a cultura ocidental se confunde com a oriental. ― In that city, Western culture merges with Eastern culture.

   Synonyms: juntar, sincretizar

6. (obsolete, transitive) to confound; to thwart; to frustrate; to foil (to prevent from happening or succeeding)

   Desejamos que a rainha confunda as políticas de seus inimigos. ― We wish for the queen to confound her enemies’ politics.

   Synonym: impedir

7. inflection of confundir:
   1. first/third-person singular future subjunctive
   2. first/third-person singular personal infinitive

Conjugation

    Conjugation of confundir (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	confundir
Personal	confundir	confundires	confundir	confundirmos	confundirdes	confundirem
Gerund
	confundindo
Past participle
Masculine	confundido			confundidos
Feminine	confundida			confundidas
Indicative
Present	confundo	confundes	confunde	confundimos	confundis	confundem
Imperfect	confundia	confundias	confundia	confundíamos	confundíeis	confundiam
Preterite	confundi	confundiste	confundiu	confundimos	confundistes	confundiram
Pluperfect	confundira	confundiras	confundira	confundíramos	confundíreis	confundiram
Future	confundirei	confundirás	confundirá	confundiremos	confundireis	confundirão
Conditional
	confundiria	confundirias	confundiria	confundiríamos	confundiríeis	confundiriam
Subjunctive
Present	confunda	confundas	confunda	confundamos	confundais	confundam
Imperfect	confundisse	confundisses	confundisse	confundíssemos	confundísseis	confundissem
Future	confundir	confundires	confundir	confundirmos	confundirdes	confundirem
Imperative
Affirmative		confunde	confunda	confundamos	confundi	confundam
Negative (não)		não confundas	não confunda	não confundamos	não confundais	não confundam

Related terms

• confuso

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Spanish

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin confundere, present active infinitive of confundō. Doublet of cohonder.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /konfunˈdiɾ/ [kõɱ.fũn̪ˈd̪iɾ]

• Audio (Colombia)

  (file)

• Rhymes: -iɾ
• Syllabification: con‧fun‧dir

Verb

confundir (first-person singular present confundo, first-person singular preterite confundí, past participle confundido)

1. (transitive) to confuse, to throw off, to baffle, to perplex
2. (transitive, also takes a reflexive pronoun) to mistake, to confuse, to mix up (misidentify)

   Mi abuelo confundió un calabacín con un pepino y lo puso en su ensalada.

   My grandpa mistook a zucchini for a cucumber and put it in his salad.

3. (transitive) to confound

Conjugation

    Conjugation of confundir (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)

infinitive			confundir
gerund			confundiendo
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		confundido		confundida
		plural		confundidos		confundidas
		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
indicative		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	confundo	confundestú confundísvos	confunde	confundimos	confundís	confunden
	imperfect	confundía	confundías	confundía	confundíamos	confundíais	confundían
	preterite	confundí	confundiste	confundió	confundimos	confundisteis	confundieron
	future	confundiré	confundirás	confundirá	confundiremos	confundiréis	confundirán
	conditional	confundiría	confundirías	confundiría	confundiríamos	confundiríais	confundirían
subjunctive		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	confunda	confundastú confundásvos2	confunda	confundamos	confundáis	confundan
	imperfect (ra)	confundiera	confundieras	confundiera	confundiéramos	confundierais	confundieran
	imperfect (se)	confundiese	confundieses	confundiese	confundiésemos	confundieseis	confundiesen
	future1	confundiere	confundieres	confundiere	confundiéremos	confundiereis	confundieren
imperative		—	tú vos	usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ustedes
	affirmative		confundetú confundívos	confunda	confundamos	confundid	confundan
	negative		no confundas	no confunda	no confundamos	no confundáis	no confundan

¹Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
²Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.

    Selected combined forms of confundir

These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
with infinitive confundir
	dative	confundirme	confundirte	confundirle, confundirse	confundirnos	confundiros	confundirles, confundirse
	accusative	confundirme	confundirte	confundirlo, confundirla, confundirse	confundirnos	confundiros	confundirlos, confundirlas, confundirse
with gerund confundiendo
	dative	confundiéndome	confundiéndote	confundiéndole, confundiéndose	confundiéndonos	confundiéndoos	confundiéndoles, confundiéndose
	accusative	confundiéndome	confundiéndote	confundiéndolo, confundiéndola, confundiéndose	confundiéndonos	confundiéndoos	confundiéndolos, confundiéndolas, confundiéndose
with informal second-person singular tú imperative confunde
	dative	confúndeme	confúndete	confúndele	confúndenos	not used	confúndeles
	accusative	confúndeme	confúndete	confúndelo, confúndela	confúndenos	not used	confúndelos, confúndelas
with informal second-person singular vos imperative confundí
	dative	confundime	confundite	confundile	confundinos	not used	confundiles
	accusative	confundime	confundite	confundilo, confundila	confundinos	not used	confundilos, confundilas
with formal second-person singular imperative confunda
	dative	confúndame	not used	confúndale, confúndase	confúndanos	not used	confúndales
	accusative	confúndame	not used	confúndalo, confúndala, confúndase	confúndanos	not used	confúndalos, confúndalas
with first-person plural imperative confundamos
	dative	not used	confundámoste	confundámosle	confundámonos	confundámoos	confundámosles
	accusative	not used	confundámoste	confundámoslo, confundámosla	confundámonos	confundámoos	confundámoslos, confundámoslas
with informal second-person plural imperative confundid
	dative	confundidme	not used	confundidle	confundidnos	confundíos	confundidles
	accusative	confundidme	not used	confundidlo, confundidla	confundidnos	confundíos	confundidlos, confundidlas
with formal second-person plural imperative confundan
	dative	confúndanme	not used	confúndanle	confúndannos	not used	confúndanles, confúndanse
	accusative	confúndanme	not used	confúndanlo, confúndanla	confúndannos	not used	confúndanlos, confúndanlas, confúndanse

Related terms

• confusión

See also

• enturbiar

Further reading

• “confundir”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014