adarc
Old Irish
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adarc
Etymology
Unknown; perhaps a loanword from a pre-Celtic substrate source; cognate with Basque adar.[1][2]
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈaðərk/
Noun
adarc f (genitive adarcae, nominative plural adarca)
- horn (growth on an animal's head)
- c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 2b16:
- tob di humu fo chosmailius n-adarcae side
- a trumpet of bronze in the shape of a horn
- c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 63b17:
- nanní fris·oirc doib fa·scannat hua n-adarcaib
- whatever offends them, they toss it with their horns
- c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 116c8:
- orgain humaidi fo chosmailius n-adarcae
- bronze instruments in the shape of a horn
- c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 2b16:
Inflection
| Feminine ā-stem | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
| Nominative | adarcL | adaircL | adarcaH |
| Vocative | adarcL | adaircL | adarcaH |
| Accusative | adaircN | adaircL | adarcaH |
| Genitive | adarcaeH | adarcL | adarcN |
| Dative | adaircL | adarcaib | adarcaib |
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
| |||
Synonyms
- benn
- congna
Descendants
- Irish: adharc
- Manx: eairk
- Scottish Gaelic: adharc
Mutation
| Old Irish mutation | ||
|---|---|---|
| Radical | Lenition | Nasalization |
| adarc | unchanged | n-adarc |
| Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. | ||
References
- R. L. Trask, The History of Basque
- Mother Tongue: Journal of the Association for the Study of Language in Prehistory, issue 5 (1999): [Compare] Basque adar 'horn' - Old Irish adarc 'hom': since the latter has no Indo- European etymology, it is probably borrowed from Vasconic *adar-ko 'little horn'.
Further reading
- G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “1 adarc, aiderc”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language