col

See also: Appendix:Variations of "col"

English

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /kɒl/
Audio (Southern England) (file)
Rhymes: -ɒl

Etymology 1

Borrowed from French col, from Latin collum (“neck”). Doublet of collum.

Noun

col (plural cols)

(geography) A dip on a mountain ridge between two peaks.
Synonym: (South Africa) nek
Coordinate terms: bealach, mountain pass, pass, saddle, hause
- 1999, Harish Kapadia, “Ascents in the Panch Chuli Group”, in Across Peaks & Passes in Kumaun Himalaya, New Delhi: Indus Publishing Company, →ISBN, page 136:
  We spent half an hour on the summit before returning to our camp, where we stuffed the frozen tent and all the gear into our packs and started the long descent of the southwest ridge to rejoin Harish and others who were still encamped on the col at the foot of it.
- 2019, Alan Staniforth, Cleveland Way, page 74:
  Turn left through a gate in the right angle of the wall and drop down to a col before climbing up the hill.
(meteorology) A pressure region between two anticyclones and two low-pressure regions.
Synonym: saddle point

Derived terms

North Col

Related terms

hausse-col

Translations

dip between mountain peaks

Bulgarian: проход (bg) (prohod), седловина (sedlovina)
Catalan: coll (ca) m
Chinese:
Mandarin: 山坳 (zh) (shān'ào)
French: col (fr) m
Galician: portela f, golada f
Georgian: უნაგირა (unagira)
German: Joch (de) n
Irish: col m
Italian: forcella (it) f, colle (it) m
Japanese: たわ (ja) (tawa), コル (ja) (koru)
Russian: седловина (ru) (sedlovina), перева́л (ru) (perevál)
Spanish: collado (es) m

Etymology 2

Abbreviation

Noun

col (plural cols)

Clipping of column.

Anagrams

'loc, CLO, Clo, LOC, LoC, OCL, OLC, loc, loc.

Asturian

Etymology

From a contraction of the preposition con (“with”) + masculine singular article el (“the”).

Contraction

col m (feminine cola, neuter colo, masculine plural colos, feminine plural coles)

with the

Catalan

Etymology

From Latin caulis, caulem (“stalk, stem”), from Ancient Greek καυλός (kaulós, “stem of a plant”).

Pronunciation

(Balearic, Central, Valencian) IPA^(key): /ˈkɔl/
Audio (Valencian) (file)

Noun

col f (plural cols)

cabbage

Derived terms

a qui no vol cols, dos plats
cada dia cols, amarguen
colrave
col de Brussel·les

Crimean Tatar

Noun

col (Northern dialect)

road, way

Usage notes

Literary form: yol

Declension

Declension of col

nominative	col
genitive	colnıñ
dative	colğa
accusative	colnı
locative	colda
ablative	coldan

Dalmatian

Etymology

From Vulgar Latin *cu illu, contracted from the accusative of Vulgar Latin *eccum ille. Compare Italian quello, Romanian acel, Old French cil, Spanish aquel.

Pronoun

col

that

Dutch

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /kɔl/
Hyphenation: col
Rhymes: -ɔl

Etymology 1

Borrowed from French col (“collar”), from Latin collum (“neck”).

Noun

col m (plural cols, diminutive colletje n)

(informal, chiefly Belgium) (clothing) collar
Synonym: kraag

Derived terms

coltrui

Noun

col m (plural collen, diminutive colletje n)

(informal, Belgium) (sports) mountain pass
Synonym: bergpas

Etymology 2

Borrowed from French colle.

Noun

col f (uncountable)

(informal, Belgium) glue

Synonyms

lijm

Related terms

collage

French

Etymology

From Old French col, from Latin collum (“neck”). Doublet of cou.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /kɔl/
audio (file)
Homophones: colle, collent, colles, cols

Noun

col m (plural cols)

(clothing) collar
(geography) col (dip on a mountain ridge)
(anatomy, dated) neck
Synonym: cou
neck (of objects, vases etc.)
le col d'une bouteille ― the neck of a bottle

Derived terms

col Danton
col de l'utérus
col Mao
col romain
col roulé

Related terms

cou
collier

Descendants

→ Hausa: kwal

Galician

Coles or verzas

Alternative forms

coia, couva

Etymology

From Old Galician and Old Portuguese col (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from an older unattested *coule, from Latin caulis. Cognate with Portuguese couve and Spanish col.[1]

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈkɔl/

Noun

col f (plural coles)

collard; wild mustard, wild cabbage; kale; Brassica oleracea var. acephala
Synonyms: coella, verza

Derived terms

coella
coíña
coíñeiro

Related terms

coliflor

References

“col” in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval, SLI - ILGA 2006–2022.
“coles” in Xavier Varela Barreiro & Xavier Gómez Guinovart: Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval. SLI / Grupo TALG / ILG, 2006–2018.
“couues” in Xavier Varela Barreiro & Xavier Gómez Guinovart: Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval. SLI / Grupo TALG / ILG, 2006–2018.
“col” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006–2013.
“col” in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega. Santiago: ILG.
“col” in Álvarez, Rosario (coord.): Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués, Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega.

Joan Coromines; José A. Pascual (1983–1991), “col”, in Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico (in Spanish), Madrid: Gredos

Hungarian

Etymology

Borrowed from German Zoll.[1]

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [ˈt͡sol]
Hyphenation: col
Rhymes: -ol

Noun

col (plural colok)

inch
Synonym: hüvelyk

Declension

Inflection (stem in -o-, back harmony)
	singular	plural
nominative	col	colok
accusative	colt	colokat
dative	colnak	coloknak
instrumental	collal	colokkal
causal-final	colért	colokért
translative	collá	colokká
terminative	colig	colokig
essive-formal	colként	colokként
essive-modal	—	—
inessive	colban	colokban
superessive	colon	colokon
adessive	colnál	coloknál
illative	colba	colokba
sublative	colra	colokra
allative	colhoz	colokhoz
elative	colból	colokból
delative	colról	colokról
ablative	coltól	coloktól
non-attributive possessive - singular	colé	coloké
non-attributive possessive - plural	coléi	colokéi

Possessive forms of col
possessor	single possession	multiple possessions
1st person sing.	colom	coljaim
2nd person sing.	colod	coljaid
3rd person sing.	colja	coljai
1st person plural	colunk	coljaink
2nd person plural	colotok	coljaitok
3rd person plural	coljuk	coljaik

Derived terms

colos

References

Tótfalusi, István. Idegenszó-tár: Idegen szavak értelmező és etimológiai szótára (’A Storehouse of Foreign Words: an explanatory and etymological dictionary of foreign words’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2005. →ISBN

Irish

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [kɔl̪ˠ]

Etymology 1

From Old Irish col, from Proto-Celtic *kulom.

Noun

col m (genitive singular coil, nominative plural colanna)

prohibition
sin, lust
violation
dislike
incest
Synonyms: ciorrú coil, corbadh
relation, relationship

Declension

Declension of col

First declension

Bare forms:

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	col	colanna
Vocative	a choil	a cholanna
Genitive	coil	colanna
Dative	col	colanna

Forms with the definite article:

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	an col	na colanna
Genitive	an choil	na gcolanna
Dative	leis an gcol don chol	leis na colanna

Derived terms

col ceathar
col ceathrair
col cúigir
col gaoil
colscaradh
col seisir

Etymology 2

From French col (“neck”).

Noun

col m (genitive singular coil, nominative plural coil)

(geography) col

Declension

Declension of col

First declension

Bare forms:

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	col	coil
Vocative	a choil	a chola
Genitive	coil	col
Dative	col	coil

Forms with the definite article:

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	an col	na coil
Genitive	an choil	na gcol
Dative	leis an gcol don chol	leis na coil

Mutation

Irish mutation
Radical	Lenition	Eclipsis
col	chol	gcol
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Italian

Contraction

col

contraction of con il; with the

Middle English

Alternative forms

coul, coyl
cal, kal (northern)

Etymology

From Old English cāl, variant of cawel, borrowed from Latin caulis.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /kɔːl/

Noun

col (plural coles)

cabbage, kale, colewort

Descendants

English: cole, kale, kail
Scots: cale, caill, kail
Yola: kaayle
→ Irish: cál

References

“cōl, n.(1).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

Middle French

Etymology

From Old French col, from Latin collum.

Noun

col m (plural cols)

(anatomy) the neck

Descendants

French: cou, col

Old English

Etymology 1

From Proto-West Germanic *kōl(ī). Cognate with Old High German kuoli.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /koːl/

Adjective

cōl (comparative cōlra, superlative cōlost)

cool (not hot or warm)

Declension

Declension of cōl — Strong

Singular	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	cōl	cōl	cōl
Accusative	cōlne	cōle	cōl
Genitive	cōles	cōlre	cōles
Dative	cōlum	cōlre	cōlum
Instrumental	cōle	cōlre	cōle
Plural	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	cōle	cōla, cōle	cōl
Accusative	cōle	cōla, cōle	cōl
Genitive	cōlra	cōlra	cōlra
Dative	cōlum	cōlum	cōlum
Instrumental	cōlum	cōlum	cōlum

Declension of cōl — Weak

Singular	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	cōla	cōle	cōle
Accusative	cōlan	cōlan	cōle
Genitive	cōlan	cōlan	cōlan
Dative	cōlan	cōlan	cōlan
Instrumental	cōlan	cōlan	cōlan
Plural	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	cōlan	cōlan	cōlan
Accusative	cōlan	cōlan	cōlan
Genitive	cōlra, cōlena	cōlra, cōlena	cōlra, cōlena
Dative	cōlum	cōlum	cōlum
Instrumental	cōlum	cōlum	cōlum

Descendants

Middle English: col, coul, cool
- Scots: cule, cuill, kuil
- English: cool

Etymology 2

From Proto-West Germanic *kol. Cognate with Old Frisian kole, Old High German kolo, Old Norse kol.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /kol/

Noun

col n

coal
charcoal

Declension

Declension of col (strong a-stem)

Case	Singular	Plural
nominative	col	colu
accusative	col	colu
genitive	coles	cola
dative	cole	colum

Derived terms

colpytt
colsweart

Descendants

Middle English: cole
- English: coal

Old French

Etymology

From Latin collum.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /kɔl/
Rhymes: -ɔl

Noun

col m (oblique plural cous or cox or cols, nominative singular cous or cox or cols, nominative plural col)

(anatomy) neck

Related terms

coler

Descendants

Middle French: col
- French: cou, col
Norman: co
Walloon: cô

Old Irish

Etymology

From Proto-Celtic *kulom.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈkol/

Noun

col n (genitive cuil)

sin, violation

Inflection

Neuter o-stem
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	col^N	col^N	col^L, cola
Vocative	col^N	col^N	col^L, cola
Accusative	col^N	col^N	col^L, cola
Genitive	cuil^L	col	col^N
Dative	col^L	colaib	colaib
Initial mutations of a following adjective: ^H = triggers aspiration ^L = triggers lenition ^N = triggers nasalization

Descendants

Irish: col
Scottish Gaelic: col (“incest”)

Mutation

Old Irish mutation
Radical	Lenition	Nasalization
col	chol	col pronounced with /ɡ(ʲ)-/
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Scottish Gaelic

Etymology

From Old Irish col (“sin”).

Noun

col m (genitive singular cola, plural colan)

incest

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

Borrowed from German Zoll.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /t͡sôːl/

Noun

cȏl m (Cyrillic spelling цо̑л)

inch

Declension

Declension of col

	singular	plural
nominative	col	colovi
genitive	cola	colova
dative	colu	colovima
accusative	col	colove
vocative	cole	colovi
locative	colu	colovima
instrumental	col	colovima

Related terms

ȉnč, pȁlac

Spanish

Etymology

From Latin caulis, caulem (“stalk, stem”), from Ancient Greek καυλός (kaulós, “stem of a plant”). Cognate with English cole and chou.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈkol/ [ˈkol]
Audio (Spain) (file)
Rhymes: -ol
Syllabification: col

Noun

col f (plural coles)

cabbage
Synonyms: berza, repollo

Derived terms

col china
col de Bruselas
coliflor
colinabo
col kale
col lombarda
col rizada
col verde

Related terms

brécol

Descendants

→ Taos: kùli’ína

Tocharian B

Adjective

col

wild

Vilamovian

Pronunciation

Audio (file)

Noun

cōl m (plural cōln)

inch (unit of measure)

[1] Joan Coromines; José A. Pascual (1983–1991), “col”, in Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico (in Spanish), Madrid: Gredos

[2] Tótfalusi, István. Idegenszó-tár: Idegen szavak értelmező és etimológiai szótára (’A Storehouse of Foreign Words: an explanatory and etymological dictionary of foreign words’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2005. →ISBN

col

English

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

Noun

Derived terms

Related terms

Translations

Further reading

Etymology 2

Noun

Anagrams

Asturian

Etymology

Contraction

Catalan

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Derived terms

Further reading

Crimean Tatar

Noun

Usage notes

Declension

Dalmatian

Etymology

Pronoun

Dutch

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

Noun

Derived terms

Noun

Etymology 2

Noun

Synonyms

Related terms

French

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Derived terms

Related terms

Descendants

Further reading

Galician

Alternative forms

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Derived terms

Related terms

References

Hungarian

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Declension

Derived terms

References

Further reading

Irish

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

Noun

Declension

Derived terms

Etymology 2

Noun

Declension

Mutation

Further reading

Italian

Contraction

Middle English

Alternative forms

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun