circummunio
Latin
Etymology
From circum- + mūniō.
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /kir.kumˈmuː.ni.oː/, [kɪr.kʊmˈmuː.ni.oː]
Verb
circummūniō (present infinitive circummūnire, perfect active circummūnīvī, supine circummūnītum); fourth conjugation
- I wall up or around
- I hem in
- I fortify or secure
Inflection
| Conjugation of circummunio (fourth conjugation) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| indicative | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | circummūniō | circummūnīs | circummūnit | circummūnīmus | circummūnītis | circummūniunt |
| imperfect | circummūniēbam | circummūniēbās | circummūniēbat | circummūniēbāmus | circummūniēbātis | circummūniēbant | |
| future | circummūniam | circummūniēs | circummūniet | circummūniēmus | circummūniētis | circummūnient | |
| perfect | circummūnīvī | circummūnīvistī | circummūnīvit | circummūnīvimus | circummūnīvistis | circummūnīvērunt, circummūnīvēre | |
| pluperfect | circummūnīveram | circummūnīverās | circummūnīverat | circummūnīverāmus | circummūnīverātis | circummūnīverant | |
| future perfect | circummūnīverō | circummūnīveris | circummūnīverit | circummūnīverimus | circummūnīveritis | circummūnīverint | |
| passive | present | circummūnior | circummūnīris, circummūnīre | circummūnītur | circummūnīmur | circummūnīminī | circummūniuntur |
| imperfect | circummūniēbar | circummūniēbāris, circummūniēbāre | circummūniēbātur | circummūniēbāmur | circummūniēbāminī | circummūniēbantur | |
| future | circummūniar | circummūniēris, circummūniēre | circummūniētur | circummūniēmur | circummūniēminī | circummūnientur | |
| perfect | circummūnītus + present active indicative of sum | ||||||
| pluperfect | circummūnītus + imperfect active indicative of sum | ||||||
| future perfect | circummūnītus + future active indicative of sum | ||||||
| subjunctive | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | circummūniam | circummūniās | circummūniat | circummūniāmus | circummūniātis | circummūniant |
| imperfect | circummūnīrem | circummūnīrēs | circummūnīret | circummūnīrēmus | circummūnīrētis | circummūnīrent | |
| perfect | circummūnīverim | circummūnīverīs | circummūnīverit | circummūnīverimus | circummūnīveritis | circummūnīverint | |
| pluperfect | circummūnīvissem | circummūnīvissēs | circummūnīvisset | circummūnīvissēmus | circummūnīvissētis | circummūnīvissent | |
| passive | present | circummūniar | circummūniāris, circummūniāre | circummūniātur | circummūniāmur | circummūniāminī | circummūniantur |
| imperfect | circummūnīrer | circummūnīrēris, circummūnīrēre | circummūnīrētur | circummūnīrēmur | circummūnīrēminī | circummūnīrentur | |
| perfect | circummūnītus + present active subjunctive of sum | ||||||
| pluperfect | circummūnītus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum | ||||||
| imperative | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | — | circummūnī | — | — | circummūnīte | — |
| future | — | circummūnītō | circummūnītō | — | circummūnītōte | circummūniuntō | |
| passive | present | — | circummūnīre | — | — | circummūnīminī | — |
| future | — | circummūnītor | circummūnītor | — | — | circummūniuntor | |
| non-finite forms | active | passive | |||||
| present | perfect | future | present | perfect | future | ||
| infinitives | circummūnīre | circummūnīvisse | circummūnītūrus esse | circummūnīrī | circummūnītus esse | circummūnītum īrī | |
| participles | circummūniēns | — | circummūnītūrus | — | circummūnītus | circummūniendus | |
| verbal nouns | gerund | supine | |||||
| nominative | genitive | dative/ablative | accusative | accusative | ablative | ||
| circummūnīre | circummūniendī | circummūniendō | circummūniendum | circummūnītum | circummūnītū | ||
References
- circummunio in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- circummunio in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- circummunio in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire Illustré Latin-Français, Hachette