circumfodio
Latin
Etymology
From circum- (“circum-”) + fodiō (“I dig, bury”).
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /kir.kumˈfo.di.oː/, [kɪr.kũːˈfɔ.di.oː]
- (Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /t͡ʃir.kumˈfo.di.o/, [t͡ʃir.kumˈfoː.di.o]
Verb
circumfodiō (present infinitive circumfodere, perfect active circumfōdī, supine circumfossum); third conjugation iō-variant
- I dig around or about
- c. 400 CE, Palladius, Opus agriculturae 4.10.19:
- Amat putari atque circumfodi et parco umore inter siccitates saepe refoveri.
- It likes to be pruned and dug, and to be often refreshed with a little water in dry seasons.
- Amat putari atque circumfodi et parco umore inter siccitates saepe refoveri.
Conjugation
Conjugation of circumfodiō (third conjugation iō-variant) | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
indicative | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
active | present | circumfodiō | circumfodis | circumfodit | circumfodimus | circumfoditis | circumfodiunt |
imperfect | circumfodiēbam | circumfodiēbās | circumfodiēbat | circumfodiēbāmus | circumfodiēbātis | circumfodiēbant | |
future | circumfodiam | circumfodiēs | circumfodiet | circumfodiēmus | circumfodiētis | circumfodient | |
perfect | circumfōdī | circumfōdistī | circumfōdit | circumfōdimus | circumfōdistis | circumfōdērunt, circumfōdēre | |
pluperfect | circumfōderam | circumfōderās | circumfōderat | circumfōderāmus | circumfōderātis | circumfōderant | |
future perfect | circumfōderō | circumfōderis | circumfōderit | circumfōderimus | circumfōderitis | circumfōderint | |
passive | present | circumfodior | circumfoderis, circumfodere | circumfoditur | circumfodimur | circumfodiminī | circumfodiuntur |
imperfect | circumfodiēbar | circumfodiēbāris, circumfodiēbāre | circumfodiēbātur | circumfodiēbāmur | circumfodiēbāminī | circumfodiēbantur | |
future | circumfodiar | circumfodiēris, circumfodiēre | circumfodiētur | circumfodiēmur | circumfodiēminī | circumfodientur | |
perfect | circumfossus + present active indicative of sum | ||||||
pluperfect | circumfossus + imperfect active indicative of sum | ||||||
future perfect | circumfossus + future active indicative of sum | ||||||
subjunctive | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
active | present | circumfodiam | circumfodiās | circumfodiat | circumfodiāmus | circumfodiātis | circumfodiant |
imperfect | circumfoderem | circumfoderēs | circumfoderet | circumfoderēmus | circumfoderētis | circumfoderent | |
perfect | circumfōderim | circumfōderīs | circumfōderit | circumfōderīmus | circumfōderītis | circumfōderint | |
pluperfect | circumfōdissem | circumfōdissēs | circumfōdisset | circumfōdissēmus | circumfōdissētis | circumfōdissent | |
passive | present | circumfodiar | circumfodiāris, circumfodiāre | circumfodiātur | circumfodiāmur | circumfodiāminī | circumfodiantur |
imperfect | circumfoderer | circumfoderēris, circumfoderēre | circumfoderētur | circumfoderēmur | circumfoderēminī | circumfoderentur | |
perfect | circumfossus + present active subjunctive of sum | ||||||
pluperfect | circumfossus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum | ||||||
imperative | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
active | present | — | circumfode | — | — | circumfodite | — |
future | — | circumfoditō | circumfoditō | — | circumfoditōte | circumfodiuntō | |
passive | present | — | circumfodere | — | — | circumfodiminī | — |
future | — | circumfoditor | circumfoditor | — | — | circumfodiuntor | |
non-finite forms | active | passive | |||||
present | perfect | future | present | perfect | future | ||
infinitives | circumfodere | circumfōdisse | circumfossūrum esse | circumfodī | circumfossum esse | circumfossum īrī | |
participles | circumfodiēns | — | circumfossūrus | — | circumfossus | circumfodiendus, circumfodiundus | |
verbal nouns | gerund | supine | |||||
genitive | dative | accusative | ablative | accusative | ablative | ||
circumfodiendī | circumfodiendō | circumfodiendum | circumfodiendō | circumfossum | circumfossū |
Derived terms
- circumfossor
- circumfossus
References
- circumfodio in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- circumfodio in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire Illustré Latin-Français, Hachette