circumcludo
Latin
Etymology
From circum- (“circum-”) + clūdō (“I close”).
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /kir.kunˈkluː.doː/, [kɪr.kʊŋˈkɫuː.doː]
- (Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /t͡ʃir.kunˈklu.do/, [t͡ʃir.kuŋˈkluː.do]
Verb
circumclūdō (present infinitive circumclūdere, perfect active circumclūsī, supine circumclūsum); third conjugation
- I surround or encircle
- I hedge or shut in
Inflection
| Conjugation of circumcludo (third conjugation) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| indicative | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | circumclūdō | circumclūdis | circumclūdit | circumclūdimus | circumclūditis | circumclūdunt |
| imperfect | circumclūdēbam | circumclūdēbās | circumclūdēbat | circumclūdēbāmus | circumclūdēbātis | circumclūdēbant | |
| future | circumclūdam | circumclūdēs | circumclūdet | circumclūdēmus | circumclūdētis | circumclūdent | |
| perfect | circumclūsī | circumclūsistī | circumclūsit | circumclūsimus | circumclūsistis | circumclūsērunt, circumclūsēre | |
| pluperfect | circumclūseram | circumclūserās | circumclūserat | circumclūserāmus | circumclūserātis | circumclūserant | |
| future perfect | circumclūserō | circumclūseris | circumclūserit | circumclūserimus | circumclūseritis | circumclūserint | |
| passive | present | circumclūdor | circumclūderis, circumclūdere | circumclūditur | circumclūdimur | circumclūdiminī | circumclūduntur |
| imperfect | circumclūdēbar | circumclūdēbāris, circumclūdēbāre | circumclūdēbātur | circumclūdēbāmur | circumclūdēbāminī | circumclūdēbantur | |
| future | circumclūdar | circumclūdēris, circumclūdēre | circumclūdētur | circumclūdēmur | circumclūdēminī | circumclūdentur | |
| perfect | circumclūsus + present active indicative of sum | ||||||
| pluperfect | circumclūsus + imperfect active indicative of sum | ||||||
| future perfect | circumclūsus + future active indicative of sum | ||||||
| subjunctive | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | circumclūdam | circumclūdās | circumclūdat | circumclūdāmus | circumclūdātis | circumclūdant |
| imperfect | circumclūderem | circumclūderēs | circumclūderet | circumclūderēmus | circumclūderētis | circumclūderent | |
| perfect | circumclūserim | circumclūserīs | circumclūserit | circumclūserimus | circumclūseritis | circumclūserint | |
| pluperfect | circumclūsissem | circumclūsissēs | circumclūsisset | circumclūsissēmus | circumclūsissētis | circumclūsissent | |
| passive | present | circumclūdar | circumclūdāris, circumclūdāre | circumclūdātur | circumclūdāmur | circumclūdāminī | circumclūdantur |
| imperfect | circumclūderer | circumclūderēris, circumclūderēre | circumclūderētur | circumclūderēmur | circumclūderēminī | circumclūderentur | |
| perfect | circumclūsus + present active subjunctive of sum | ||||||
| pluperfect | circumclūsus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum | ||||||
| imperative | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | — | circumclūde | — | — | circumclūdite | — |
| future | — | circumclūditō | circumclūditō | — | circumclūditōte | circumclūduntō | |
| passive | present | — | circumclūdere | — | — | circumclūdiminī | — |
| future | — | circumclūditor | circumclūditor | — | — | circumclūduntor | |
| non-finite forms | active | passive | |||||
| present | perfect | future | present | perfect | future | ||
| infinitives | circumclūdere | circumclūsisse | circumclūsūrus esse | circumclūdī | circumclūsus esse | circumclūsum īrī | |
| participles | circumclūdēns | — | circumclūsūrus | — | circumclūsus | circumclūdendus | |
| verbal nouns | gerund | supine | |||||
| nominative | genitive | dative/ablative | accusative | accusative | ablative | ||
| circumclūdere | circumclūdendī | circumclūdendō | circumclūdendum | circumclūsum | circumclūsū | ||
References
- circumcludo in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- circumcludo in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- circumcludo in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire Illustré Latin-Français, Hachette