cinder

See also: Cinder

English

Alternative forms

sinder (obsolete)

Etymology

From Middle English cinder, sinder, from Old English sinder (“cinder, dross, slag, scoria, dross of iron, impurity of metal”), from Proto-West Germanic *sindr, from Proto-Germanic *sindrą, *sindraz (“dross, cinder, slag”), from Proto-Indo-European *sendʰro- (“coagulating fluid, liquid slag, scale, cinder”). Cognate with Scots sinder (“ember, cinder”), West Frisian sindel, sintel (“cinder, slag”), Dutch sintel (“cinder, ember, slag”), Middle Low German sinder, sinter (“cinder, slag”), German Sinter (“dross of iron, scale”), Danish sinder (“spark of ignited iron, cinder”), Swedish sinder (“slag or dross from a forge”), Icelandic sindur (“scoring”), Old Church Slavonic сѧдра (sędra, “lime cinder, gypsum”). Spelling (c- for s-) influenced by unrelated French cendre (“ashes”). Doublet of sinter.

Pronunciation

(General American) IPA^(key): /ˈsɪndɚ/
(UK) IPA^(key): /ˈsɪndə(ɹ)/
- Audio (RP) (file)
Rhymes: -ɪndə(ɹ)

Noun

cinder (plural cinders)

Partially or mostly burnt material that results from incomplete combustion of coal or wood etc.
- 1962 June, Cecil J. Allen, “Locomotive Running Past and Present”, in Modern Railways, page 399:
  Travellers over the London & North Western main line in bygone days will need no reminder of the pattering of cinders on the carriage roofs, the fountains of sparks from the chimneys at night and the distance from which the exhaust of approaching locomotives could be heard, due to the fierceness of their blast in such conditions.
An ember.
- 1730, Jonathan Swift, s:The Lady's Dressing Room
  If from adown the hopeful chops
  The fat upon the cinder drops,
  To stinking smoke it turns the flame,
  Poisoning the flesh from whence it came
Slag from a metal furnace.
(dated, colloquial) Any strong stimulant added to tea, soda water, etc.
- 1846, Catherine Grace Frances Gore, Selected Works (volume 2, page 9)
  Oh, horrid proposition! One would imagine, Tom, that you had been a coal-heaver. Had you said soda and cinder, I would have seconded the motion.
- 2021, Glenda Young, The Miner's Lass
  She'd sit by the fire, arms crossed, demanding that Ruby spike her tea with a cinder. But Ruby would never give in to her demands, no matter how much her mam begged. There was no alcohol in the house now; Arthur had made sure of that in an effort to get Mary sober.

Derived terms

brittle cinder
cinder block
cinder cone
cinder dick
cinder frame
cinder notch
cinder toffee
mill cinder
tap cinder

Translations

partially or mostly burnt material

Arabic: جَمْرُ مُنْطَفِيّ‎ m (jamru munṭafiyy)
Armenian: անթեղ (hy) (antʿeł)
Bulgarian: сгурия (bg) f (sgurija), пепел (bg) f (pepel)
Chinese:
Mandarin: 煤渣 (zh) (méizhā), 灰燼／灰烬 (zh) (huījìn), 餘燼／余烬 (zh) (yújìn)
Czech: oharek (cs) m
Danish: please add this translation if you can
Dutch: as (nl)
Finnish: hiili (fi) (partially burnt), tuhka (fi) (ash)
French: cendre (fr) f
Georgian: წიდა (c̣ida)
German: Asche (de) f
Gothic: 𐌰𐌶𐌲𐍉 f (azgō)
Irish: aibhleog dhóite f
Italian: cenere (it) f
Japanese: 燃え殻 (もえがら, moegara)
Lao: please add this translation if you can
Latin: favilla (la) f
Maori: ngārahu, ngārehu
Norman: chendre f (Jersey, Guernsey)
Norwegian: aske (no)
Portuguese: borralho (pt) m, borralha (pt) f
Russian: зола́ (ru) f (zolá), пе́пел (ru) m (pépel)
Slovak: ohorok m
Spanish: ceniza (es) f
Swedish: slagg (sv) n, aska (sv) c
Thai: ถ่าน (th) (tàan)
Turkish: kor (tr)

ember — see ember

slag from a metal furnace

Armenian: խարամ (hy) (xaram)
Bulgarian: шлака (bg) f (šlaka)
Chinese:
Mandarin: 爐渣／炉渣 (zh) (lúzhā)
Danish: please add this translation if you can
Dutch: slak (nl)
Finnish: kuona (fi)
German: Schlacke (de) f, Zunder (de) m
Hungarian: salak (hu)
Portuguese: escória (pt) f
Russian: шлак (ru) m (šlak), ока́лина (ru) f (okálina)
Spanish: escoria (es) f
Swedish: masugnsslagg n

The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

Translations to be checked

Turkish: ^{(please verify)} dışık (tr), ^{(please verify)} cüruf (tr), ^{(please verify)} maden artığı, ^{(please verify)} köz (tr), ^{(please verify)} kor (tr)

Verb

cinder (third-person singular simple present cinders, present participle cindering, simple past and past participle cindered)

(transitive) To reduce to cinders.
(transitive) To cover with cinders.
We plan to cinder this path.

Translations

to reduce something to cinders

Bulgarian: изпепелявам (bg) (izpepeljavam)
Chinese:
Mandarin: please add this translation if you can
Finnish: polttaa poroksi (fi), hiiltää, tuhkata (fi)
German: verkohlen (de), verschwelen, einäschern (de)
Russian: испепелять (ru) (ispepeljatʹ), сжига́ть (ru) (sžigátʹ)
Spanish: incinerar (es)

Anagrams

Nerdic, crined