chwarae
Welsh
Etymology
Cognate with Cornish gwari and Breton c'hoari.
Pronunciation
- (North Wales, standard) IPA(key): /ˈχwaraɨ̯/
- (North Wales, colloquial) IPA(key): /ˈχwarɛ/, /ˈχwara/
- (South Wales, standard) IPA(key): /ˈχwaːrai̯/, /ˈχwarai̯/
- (South Wales, colloquial) IPA(key): /ˈχwaːrɛ/, /ˈχwarɛ/, /ˈʍaːrɛ/, /ˈʍwarɛ/, /ˈwaːrɛ/, /ˈwarɛ/
- Rhymes: -araɨ̯
Verb
chwarae (first-person singular present chwaraeaf, not mutable)
- to play
- Mae’r plant yn chwarae tennis.
- The children are playing tennis.
- to play, or perform with, a percussive instrument such as a drum. (Should not be used with any other type of instrument – see canu.)
- Dw i'n chwarae'r drymiau.
- I play the drums.
Conjugation
Conjugation (literary)
| singular | plural | impersonal | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | first | second | third | |||
| present indicative/future | chwaraeaf | chwaraei | chwery | chwaraewn | chwaraewch | chwaraeant | chwaraeir | |
| imperfect (indicative/subjunctive)/ conditional | chwaraewn | chwaraeit | chwaraeai | chwaraeem | chwaraeech | chwaraeent | chwaraeid | |
| preterite | chwaraeais | chwaraeaist | chwaraeodd | chwaraeasom | chwaraeasoch | chwaraeasant | chwaraewyd | |
| pluperfect | chwaraeaswn | chwaraeasit | chwaraeasai | chwaraeasem | chwaraeasech | chwaraeasent | chwaraeasid, chwaraeesid | |
| present subjunctive | chwaraewyf | chwaraeych | chwaraeo | chwaraeom | chwaraeoch | chwaraeont | chwaraeer | |
| imperative | — | chwarae, chwaraea | chwaraeed | chwaraewn | chwaraewch | chwaraeent | chwaraeer | |
| verbal noun | chwarae | |||||||
| verbal adjectives | chwaraeedig chwaraeadwy | |||||||
Conjugation (colloquial)
| Inflected colloquial forms | singular | plural | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | first | second | third | |
| future | chwaraea i, chwaraeaf i | chwaraei di | chwaraeith o/e/hi, chwaraeiff e/hi | chwaraewn ni | chwaraewch chi | chwaraean nhw |
| conditional | chwaraewn i, chwaraeswn i | chwaraeet ti, chwaraeset ti | chwaraeai fo/fe/hi, chwaraesai fo/fe/hi | chwaraeen ni, chwaraesen ni | chwaraeech chi, chwaraesech chi | chwaraeen nhw, chwaraesen nhw |
| preterite | chwaraeais i, chwaraees i | chwaraeaist ti, chwaraeest ti | chwaraeodd o/e/hi | chwaraeon ni | chwaraeoch chi | chwaraeon nhw |
| imperative | — | chwaraea | — | — | chwaraewch | — |
| Note: All other forms are periphrastic, as usual in colloquial Welsh. | ||||||
Derived terms
- chwarae gyda
- chwarae teg
- chwaraewr
- chwareus
Noun
chwarae m (plural chwaraeon, not mutable)
- game
- sport
See also
- gêm
- sbort
Further reading
- R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “chwarae”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies